With the immense advancements and popularity in the field of web technology, every other business needs to have a website, that too, a fully functional and visually attractive one. The process using which we create a good website, mobile app, or any other similar platform, is known as Web Development. The most crucial and integral aspect of web development is web programming – achieved with the help of programming languages (providing the instructions needed to communicate with a machine and control its actions accordingly). For pursuing web development, you require to have expertise in programming languages. Without any second thoughts, the universe of programming languages is enormous; and learning or understanding each language is neither possible nor practical. So, let us now make ourselves familiar with the top programming languages, which are most useful according to their popularity.
1- JavaScript
Developed by Netscape, JavaScript is one of the most dynamic and widely-used programming languages for creating and developing websites. It is highly capable of achieving several things, including managing the web browser, editing content on a document, enabling client-side scripts to communicate well with the users, and allowing asynchronous communication. It includes a lot of its syntax from C language and is exceedingly efficient in creating desktop applications and developing games. As a multi-paradigm language, JavaScript supports both object-oriented and functional programming styles. The combination of features in JavaScript defines the way it works, responds, and achieves the required target.
2- Java
Java is yet another widely-implemented and immensely popular programming language for web development. As a concurrent, class-based, and object-oriented programming language, Java (developed in the 1990s by Sun Microsystems) acts as a standard platform for several enterprises and game developers across the globe. The ultimate beauty of Java lies in the fact that it works well across different types of platforms, for instance, a program written in Java on the Mac operating system shall also run on a Windows-based operating system. As a robust and secure programming language, Java is capable of being implemented and executed with high-level performance.
3- Python
Python is an all-purpose and highly-used programming language, which is easy and convenient for beginners to learn and understand. It is dynamic, which implies that as a developer, you can efficiently write and run the code without requiring a compiler. Python supports code readability, which requires the need to have only a few lines of code for expressing a particular point or concept. Instagram, Rdio, and Pinterest are examples of a few apps powered by Python. While being highly extensible, it works on the core philosophy and follows all its prime principles with utmost seriousness.
4- Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
CSS is a markup language, which, when paired with HTML, enables the web developer to determine and define how a website or a web page would appear to the users. CSS has an impact on various elements, including font size, font style, font color, and the overall design and color. CSS is the platform that you need to opt for creating visually attractive web applications and mobile apps. It is pretty similar to XHTML and HTML, which work efficiently in synchronization and combination of each other. For defining the styling properties, CSS uses several English language words in its simple syntax.
5- Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP)
As a free server-side and interpreted (processed by an interpreter) scripting language, PHP is designed not only for web development but also as a general-purpose programming platform. Created in 2004, PHP now powers even more than 200 million websites worldwide, including Facebook and WordPress. As an open-source and fast prototyping language, PHP is compatible with Windows OS as well as UNIX-based OS and can be directly embedded in HTML. Startups, advertising apps, media agencies, and small software organizations widely use PHP.
6- C++
As a well-compiled, case sensitive, and general-purpose programming language, C++ helps the businesses in web development by offering the extended functionality of low-level memory manipulation. Developed in 1979 by Bjarne Stroustrup, C++ is an object-oriented programming language, which supports the four principles of inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and data hiding. C++ is a superset of the C language and consists of three crucial parts, namely:
- The standard library of C++
- The standard template library
- The core C++ language
7- Ruby
Developed in 1993, Ruby is a programming language, which is dynamic and widely used in the creation of mobile apps and websites. While being a highly scalable language, it successfully manages functional programming with imperative programming. As an open-source platform, Ruby is both simple to understand and write. It is mostly used on web servers where there is usually a lot of traffic. Twitter, Scribd, and Hulu are examples of a few platforms that make use of this programming language.
8- Structured Query Language (SQL)
SQL is an integral part of the web development toolkit for server-side and full-stack developers. It offers immense help in obtaining specific data or details from complex databases. It is also in high demand among the tech giants, including Microsoft, and is a must-have for every developer who works with databases regularly.
9- C
C is an old-school and general-purpose programming language, which offers the building elements to several other programming languages, including Python, C++, and Java. Without any doubt, it is a terrific option for full-stack developers who are looking forward to adding a brand new dimension to their skill set. It is exceedingly beneficial and useful for writing applications and system software.
10 Go
Google’s dedicated programming language, Go, is a newcomer in the universe of programming languages. With the ease of use and good readability, Go boasts excellent integration and solves a lot of issues that the other programming languages aren’t capable of doing. It is a matter of fact that yes – new languages keep coming and going; however, this one proves to be promising as Google is the king of the Web at present.